Muscular dystrophy is a group of disorders characterized by progressive muscle weakness and loss of muscle tissue. Muscular dystrophy includes many inherited disorders. Therefore, the risks include a family history of muscular dystrophy. Examination and history help to distinguish the type of muscular dystrophy.

Symptoms of muscular dystrophy vary. Some types involve muscle weakness but cause little disability. Other types, such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy, are ultimately fatal. The muscles affected vary but can be around the pelvis, shoulder, face or elsewhere. The age of onset also varies, with more severe subtypes tending to occur earlier in childhood. Symptoms include:

• Progressive muscle weakness that may cause frequent falls, delayed development of muscle motor skills, problems walking, difficulty using one or more muscle groups, eyelid drooping, and drooling
• Mental retardation with some types of muscular dystrophy
• Low muscle tone
• Joint contractures (clubfoot, clawhand, or others)
• Scoliosis (a curved spine)

MedStar National Rehabilitation Network offers comprehensive, interdisciplinary services aimed at controlling symptoms and at maximizing the quality of life for persons with muscular dystrophy. Services include:

• Medical evaluation and care
• Physical therapy to help maintain muscle strength and function
• Provision of assistive devices, such as braces and wheelchairs,to improve mobility and self-care abilities
• Other services, such as rehabilitation nursing, as needed