Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disorder of the brain and spinal cord (the central nervous system) caused by progressive damage to the outer covering of nerve cells (the myelin). This results in decreased nerve functioning, which can lead to a variety of symptoms.

MS involves repeated episodes of inflammation of nervous tissue in any area of the central nervous system that may last days, weeks, or months, alternating with times of remission. Non-stop progression without periods of remission may also occur.

MS symptoms may include:

• weakness, paralysis, or tremors in one or more extremities
• muscle spasms, especially in the legs
• muscle atrophy
• slow, progressive, dysfunctional movement beginning in the legs, numbness and decreased or abnormal sensation in any area
• tingling
• facial or extremity pain
• loss of vision (usually affecting one eye at a time), double vision, eye discomfort, or uncontrollable rapid eye movements
• decreased coordination and loss of balance
• reduced ability to control small or intricate movements
• walking/gait abnormalities
• dizziness and vertigo
• difficulty beginning to urinate, a strong or frequent need to urinate, or incontinence
• decreased memory, judgment, attention span, or spontaneity
• loss of ability to think abstractly or to generalize
• depression
• slurred speech or difficulty speaking or understanding speech
• fatigue

MedStar National Rehabilitation Network offers comprehensive, interdisciplinary inpatient and outpatient services for persons with MS. These services are designed to help the patient control symptoms and maximize function to achieve the highest quality of life possible. Services include:

• Medical evaluation and care
• Physical, occupational, and speech therapy
• Recommendations for a planned exercise program to help maintain muscle tone
• Provision of medications, such as immune-modulating therapy and steroids
• Recommendations to promote a healthy lifestyle, including good general nutrition
• Recommendations to help maintain energy levels and reduce factors that may trigger an MS attack
• Linkages to support groups and other resources